Search Results:
- She sometimes forgets to chane a tampon more than once a day. Which one of the following is probably NOT related to this girl's illness? Definition bacteremia Term How could these scientists possibly know whether the MRSA were community acquired or...
- Not deliberate but an overuse. FDA pressures. Xenobiotics can be hormonal-like, and in some countries like Brazil you have early onset of puberty. Animal husbandry. Cattle put on more weight and they can make more money Poor patient compliance...
- With every single antibiotic noted to date, within 6 months of use, antibiotic resistance has been documented. Gonnorhea is developing. The bacteria can either destroy the drug or alter the drug or inhibit the drug or do all of them. Reference: pg. Know the 3 primary mechanisms and one antibiotic associated with each one. There are several ways. Plasmids can encode enzymes that chemically alter aminoglycosides by acetylation or phosphorlyation Plasmids can encode beta-lactamase which inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin and cephalosporins.
- Alters drug. Inhibits drug entry or removes drug. Erythromycin and tetracycline normally bind to ribosome subunits to inhibit protein synthesis, but the bacteria creates a new membrane transport system to literally pump the drug out of the cell. Increasing the number of different mechanisms of resistance increases the likelihood of resistance. Capsule, spore , nutrition, temperature, adaptive, listeria cold enrichment. Capsule formation is determined on nutrient availability. Bacteria respond to nutrient excess by making a capsule which is protective and allows them to attach to tissues to produce infection.
- When nutrients are limited and water is not available, they will form spores. When conditions are favorable, they will germinate. Motility associated with flagella. Taxis movement is a directional response. These are all responses to various stimuli which means they need to be coordinated to move in a certain direction. Quorum sensing we talked about this with biofilms! Evaluation of Efficacy How do you know if antibiotics are going to work?
- Susceptibility testing for lab practicum. A high M. You have different graded concentrations, all tubes inoculated with the same organism. The tubes with no antibiotics are control. If the control tubes have no growth, they are dead. I could give you the results like this or a chart and ask you where the MIC is. To determine the bactericidal concentration, take all the negative tubes and put them on plates.
- If they grow, they are not totally inhibited. The MBC is the minimum bactericidal concentration: the lowest concentration that KILLS the organism, established by taking cultures with no obvious growth, to antibiotic-free media and looking for growth. If the subculture in the antibiotic-free media grows, the bacteria were inhibited but not killed; The MBC is equated by those negative cultures that do not grow on the antibiotic-free media, documenting that the bacteria were killed.
- You have to use so much of the antibiotic to kill the organism that you exceed the therapeutic ratio or range and you can harm the patient. Efficacy is mandatory data for FDA approval and essential documentation. Comparative efficacy. So this is one of the major planks in the approval process so they have to demonstrate that the drug actually works. Be familiar with why an organism showing tolerance is not effective to that treatment. The big problem is neutropenics are treated with antifungal treatments like Nystatin Px but a lot of those patients end up with fatal fungal infections. So the question is… are the deaths due to antifungal failure? In other words, were the organisms resistant to nystatin? The failure of treatment was not due to the resistance of the organisms.. The failure was due to the neutrophil count not being increased. Fungi are not tested routinely for susceptibilities, although several experts are recommending that this be done. For the most part, the responses are predictable.
- The E test is useful because you have a lawn of bacteria and you could put several different antibiotic strips that could be vancomycin, penicillin, gentamycin, tobramycin. Whoever came up with this is certifiably genius. The concentrations of the antibiotics are layered sequentially and sold commercially. You put this strip on the lawn and you end with growth or no growth or a zone of inhibition. The point of intersection where the point of inhibition coincides with the level marked on the strip is the MIC. The beauty of this is you could test different antibiotics separately and you could get break-point MICs.
- You will indubitably get questions on the exams with this. The E test, a gradient diffusion method that determines antibiotic sensitivity and estimates minimal inhibitory concentration. The plastic strip, which is placed on an agar surface inoculated with test bacteria, contains an increasing gradient of the antibiotic. This is a prime example. Not only do these differences reflect specificity of action but explain the toxicity associated with antimicrobial agents.
- How is toxicity of antibiotics and adverse drug reactions related to the differences of eukaryotes and prokaryotes? The specificity of microbial action is related to the structural, physiological and metabolic differences that differentiate microbes from the human body. You must be familiar with ALL of these sites and the relevant antibiotics that target those specific sites. Any part of the bacteria is fair-game. What antibiotics inhibit the bacterial cell wall? Penicillin Vancomycin Bacitracin used topically as an antibiotic. You only find peptidoglycan in bacteria. These agents have no effect on eukaryotic cells because all eukaryotic cells lack peptidoglycan.
- Question on test: What is the treatment of choice for L forms and why? An agent that inhibits protein synthesis gentamycin and penicillin that inhibits the reformation of the cell wall. What antibiotics inhibit the bacterial cell membrane? Polymyxin B. Most drugs that target cell membranes are highly toxic when administered systemically. What is the basis of specificity of polymyxin? What antibiotics inhibit the Nucleic Acid synthesis? Rifampin RNA.
- Students may make an appointment with Renee Alt in order to view the final but it will stay in the procession of MCB staff. Final exams will not be subject to the MCB regrade procedure, concerns should be directed to Renee Alt. There will be three examinations, worth points each. These examinations will take place on Thursday evenings. Exam will start at 7pm. If you are late you will have the remaining time of the minutes to complete the exam even if that is 5 minutes. Follow the procedure described under the link Grading Policies titled "re-grades". After this date, there will be no further modification of the exam result.
- Religious Observances and Practices: Students are required to submit the Request for Accommodation for Religious Observances Form which can be found at www. Requests that are not submitted within this time frame may not be granted. Exam Absences: If you must miss an exam due to unforeseen circumstances, you are required to contact your instructor or course coordinator within 24 hours of the absence.
- You will then have 48 hours from the absence in which to submit documentation to your instructor or course coordinator. You must also submit an online Conflict Form if one is available on your course website. Course personnel will evaluate documentation and decide whether or not there will be an option to compensate for the missed exam through either a make-up exam or proration.
Rasmussen College - MCB 2289 Microbiology Final Exam|Module 11/ Already Graded A
Failure to follow this procedure will result in a zero for the exam. There will be instances when the student must make an individual choice about their ability to perform on an exam and will need to accept any and all consequences for that choice. If the absence is a result of a protracted illness of 3 days or more, you should follow the procedure for obtaining a letter from the Office of the Dean of Students. The request may be made once the student returns to class but not more than 10 business days after the last date of absence. If you must miss an exam for job, graduate or professional school interviews, the exam may be prorated. A best effort should be made to schedule these events around exams. You will need to be mindful that only one exam may be prorated in a semester for any and all absences.- Documentation will be required. Exam Conflicts: If you have a regularly scheduled University course that conflicts with the exam, you should complete the online Conflict Exam Request Form on the course website. This request must be made by pm not less than 3 business days prior to the exam. Requests made after pm and less than 3 business days prior to the exam will not be granted. See course policies for a specific deadline for your course. Students that are formally participating in officially recognized groups, such as athletic teams and performing groups, with a conflict should request a conflict exam by pm not less than 3 days prior to the exam via the online Conflict Request Form.
- Formal participation does not include general meetings of RSOs or any other recognized groups. Documentation of the event will be required prior to scheduling the conflict exam. Students with DRES accommodations should also submit the online Conflict Request Form by pm no later than 3 business days prior to the exam. Conflict exams are only given on the regular exam day, at the date, time and location agreed upon by Renee Alt and the student. If you must miss the exam, the possibility exists to have the one exam prorated with proper documentation. You must contact the course coordinator via email within 48 hours of the absence.
MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Final Exam Questions For Medical Students
If you do not provide documentation in a timely manner and upon receipt, there may be a negative impact on your ability to receive a prorated score. The final exam cannot be prorated. Your prorated score will be calculated based on the following formula: Please note that the percentile that we use to calculate your score may be different from the percentile seen in the online gradebook, due to the accounting for missing scores. You must complete at least three exams and the final in this course in order to earn a letter grade in the course.- If you are unable to do so, the instructor will recommend that you drop or withdraw from the course if you choose not to do so a score of "0" will be recorded for the second missed exam. Prior to the final exam date, you will be given a preliminary proration of your missing score. Your actual proration will be done with the final exam grade included. Please understand that this preliminary proration score may increase OR decrease depending on your performance on the last exam. The actual proration score will be the score used to determine you final grade.
- Scores for conflicts will not be posted until all forms and documentation are received and approved. At the end of the semester these will be changed to "0" if above criteria has not been met. The material covered will concentrate on the final fourth of the course. Final Exam Absence: If you must miss a final exam due to unforeseen circumstances, you are required to contact your instructor or course coordinator within 24 hours of the absence. You must also submit an online Absence Form if one is available on your course website.
Medical Microbiology & Immunology | Medical Microbiology & Immunology | Creighton University
Course personnel will evaluate documentation and decide whether or not there will be an option to compensate for the missed exam. Failure to follow this procedure may result in a zero for the exam. If the absence is a result of a protracted illness, you should follow the procedure for obtaining a letter from the Office of the Dean of Students. The request may be made once the student recovers but not more than 10 business days after the date of absence.- Final Exam Conflict: Conflict final exams may only be granted for any one of the following situations: Students with three final exams scheduled within a 24 hour period as defined in Section Final conflict exam requests should be made to the course with lower enrollment. Course personnel can assist with information to determine which course this would be. Students who have a verified personal problem, and who have received written permission to take a conflict final exam from a dean in their college.
- Students who have DRES academic accommodations. Students that find themselves in any of the above situations should complete the online Conflict Final Exam Request Form which can be found on the course website. This request must be made by pm on the last day of class in order for the request to be granted. Any requests made after this time may not be granted. If a conflict final exam is granted, it may be scheduled at any time during the final examination period and is at the discretion of the instructor or course coordinator.
- Doing so may earn you a score of "zero" on the Exam or Final Exam, or a more extreme penalty at the discretion of the instructors. If a calculator is needed for an exam you will be told ahead of time and may only use a scientific calculator. Requests for Regrades: If you believe that an answer was improperly graded on an exam, or lab assignment you must print a copy of the "Request for Exam Re-grade" form available on the "Forms" link on the course web site. This form must be completed and attached to the front of the original paper. Please note that paper assignments cannot be accepted for regrading if they are scanned and emailed. The regrade form must also be completed for web-based assignments but these may be emailed to Ms.
- Please be sure to indicate the number of the question s involved and why your answer is correct. Do not make any additional comments or marks on the original exam or lab assignment. All requests for re-grades must be made within one week of the day that the graded paper was returned. The paper will be re-evaluated and returned to you within one week of its submission. Hourly exams given during the semester will be returned to the students when grading is complete and therefore are property of the student. Final exams will not be returned to the student and will remain the property of the course, nor will answer keys be posted or made available in any way.
- Course Website, Resources, and Materials Canvas Course Description Introduction to Microbiology is appropriate for students with some background in biology and chemistry whose career path intersects the study of microbes or simply have an interest in microbiology. This course introduces the basic principles of microbiology examining the microbes that inhabit our planet and their effect on the biosphere. Introduction to Microbiology explores this impact through the lens of all areas of microbiology. Students will assess the influence of microbiology and 21st century challenges and opportunities that arise from our changing relationship with and understanding of microbes. Through short lectures, cases studies, in-class group work, and homework projects, students will probe the science of microbes and the social issues and concerns relevant to the field of microbiology including emerging infectious disease, antibiotic resistance, the anti-vaccine movement, and dual-use biological research.
Microbiology (Final Exam Test Prep) Flashcards - Medicoguia.com
Class participation using an electronic device with internet-connection will be a component of the course grade and used in every lecture to encourage participation and interaction. Learning Goals The course aims to inform students on why and how the microbiome is a new field of study, why is it important and how it is being degraded by an urban lifestyle. The course will familiarize students with the field, and enable them to understand science news about advances that reach mass media, as well as the abstract of scientific papers. After completion this course, successful students will: Outline the structural and functional differences among all microbes. Apply the fundamentals of the chemistry of life to microbial metabolism and physiology. Assess the influence of microbes in their natural environments on maintenance of the biosphere.- Compare and contrast microbial interactions with hosts in health and disease. Identify major microbial interactions and illustrate how these interactions affect the well-being of plants and animals. Explain the underlying principles of the methods used to control microbial growth. Describe the flow and control of genetic information and its influence on the evolution of life on earth. Examine the application of microbes to water safety and food production.
- Microbiology Final Exam Questions study guide by ravenwafers includes 98 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. Choose from different sets of microbiology final exam flashcards on Quizlet. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. Choose your answer to the question and click 'Continue' to see how you did. Then click 'Next Question' to answer the next question. Microbiology Final Exam Flashcards - Cram. Here you can find Microbiology interview questions with answers and explanation. Why Microbiology?
- Louis Pasteur and John Tyndall worked together to: a. Guaranteed to help. Choose from different sets of microbiology final exam questions flashcards on Quizlet. Choose from different sets of final exam study choice questions microbiology flashcards on Quizlet. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Start studying Microbiology Exam 3. Microbiology Flashcards Quizlet. Heat-fixed smears are covered with malachite green and then gently heated until they steam.
- We are, of course, talking about your microbiology final exam, in which we are going to test you on all of the knowledge you've recently acquired through your studies of microscopic organisms. Our online microbiology trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top microbiology quizzes. Which of the following structures contains genes for enzymes and antibiotic resistance? The Tzanck test is not used on which of the following viruses? Visit our bookstore to purchase the recommended resources for this exam: Find recommended books and study materials. The content guide outlines what you need to learn for each exam and includes a list of recommended textbooks, links to online learning resources, and sample exam questions: View, download, or print the Lister b. Pastuer d. Koch 2. Respiratory Infections! Microbiology Final Exam. Test Your Microsoft Word Knowledge! Does He Like Me? Play games, take quizzes, print and more with Easy Notecards.
- Try to answer these questions without help from notes or books. Answers at end. What do you call these filaments found in fungi? Clearly explain in sentences why prokaryotic cells usually are smaller than eukaryotic cells. Free Practice Test. Students love Study.
- Make-up examinations for students with excused absences will be essay type and should be scheduled within one week. Approximately two-thirds of this examination, however, will focus on material presented since Examination 3. Study group assignments well be treated as homework to be submitted in writing and perhaps discussed in class. It is expected that everyone will be an active participant. Failure to do so will be frowned upon both by your fellow group members and by your instructor. Also, a chronic lack of effort will have a negative impact on your final grade.
- Examination scores will be posted in the Blueline site as soon as they are received from the computer center. You will NOT be permitted to keep the examinations. Problems, questions or queries concerning examination questions should be addressed in writing to the Course Director within one week after the examination.
- You are encouraged to make use of the Bulletin Board and e-Mail services on Blackboard. Grades will be considered final and will not be changed after this one week deadline. Carefully consult the course outline for class and examination schedules. Watch the Blueline Bulletin Board for announcements concerning the bonus quizzes. The grade scale is listed below. Grades will NOT be curved.
- It is made from mutated forms of the pathogen Almost a century after Edward Jenner introduced successful vaccination, Louis Pasteur developed vaccine s against anthrax and rabies An adjuvant is a substance that increases the effective antigenicity of a pathogen Which of the following statements regarding variolation is FALSE? IgG Which of the following substances released during a type I hypersensitivity reaction stimulates the release of eosinophils from the bone marrow? She soon develops a red rash all over her body, and her blood pressure begins to drop. What is a likely diagnosis? The results come back as follows: Gram-positive cocci in irregular clusters, kinase and coagulase positive, and able to grow in the presence of most antibiotics except vancomycin. What is one virulence factor that differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from other species of staphylococci? It can produce coagulase Streptococci are frequently classified by Lancefield antigen destinations How do group A streptococci camouflage themselves from white blood cells?
No comments:
Post a Comment